Assigment 3

1.      Degrees Of Comparison

Degree of comparison is one of English grammar are often used in practice both written and conversational. The material degree of comparison is included in the category adverbal and adjectives for use both these elements to create a degree of comparison sentence.

According to the Oxford Dictionary, Degree of comparison is the grammar made from adjective and adverb to compare something. In other words, the degree of comparison is the adjective  or adverb to declare a comparison.

Degree of comparison itself is divided into three, namely positive, comparative and superlative, all three are equally serves as something used to compare.

a.      Positif Degree

Is used to express the level of the comparison, but there is no change to the adjective or an adverb his, positive degree using the 'US' as the level of comparison.

Examples :

·         This task is as difficult as the examination (test ini sama susahnya dengan ujian)

·         cooking is as easy as washing the plate (memasak itu sama mudahnya dengan mencuci piring)

·         my sister is as beautiful as you (adik ku sama cantiknya dengan mu)

·         this internet is as slow as yours (internet ini sama lambatnya seperti milik mu)

·         Billgate is as rich as Einstein (Billgate sama kayanya dengan einstein)

b.      Comparative Degree

Comparative used to express the comparison, where the adjective (adjective) and adverb (adverb) changes. If the adjective or adverb is composed of one syllable such as smart, big, low then add in the 'er' if more than one syllable like handsome, beautiful, expensive then add in the 'More', then any comparison in the added ' than 'meaning' than '.

Examples :

·         This girl is more beautiful than you (gadis ini lebih cantik dari pada kamu)

·         My little boy is more handsome than my darling (adik ku lebih tampan daripada pacarku)

·         Dinda is taller than Bayu (Dinda lebih tinggi daripada Bayu)

·         This student is smarter than me (murid ini lebih pandai dari pada aku)

·         Iron is cheaper than gold (bei lebih murah dari pada emas)

c.       Superlative Degree

Superlative used to express the comparison, where the adjective and adverb changes. If the adjective or adverb is composed of one syllable such as smart, big, low then add in the 'est' if more than one syllable like handsome, beautiful, expensive then add in the 'Most', the superlative is used to compare at least 3 or more and it always begins with the word 'the'.

Examples :

·         This girl is the most beautiful students in the class (gadis ini adalah siswa tercantik di kelas)

·         My home is the smallest one in the village (rumahku adalah yang paling kecil di desa)

·         Love is the most expensive thing in the world (Cinta adalah hal yang paling mahal di dunia)

·         My father is the most handsome man in the world (ayahku adalah laki-laki tertampan di dunia)

·         My mother is the most patient woman in the world (ibuku adalah wanita paling sabar di dunia)

2.      Question Word

In English, Question words is the words that use to ask something like place, people, reason, way and so'on. In Indonesian, question words is a collection of words used to ask the time, place, reason, way and so forth.

Question Word	Fungsi	Contoh Kalimat Question Words
what (apa)	Question word ini digunakan untuk menanyakan benda atau hal (thing).	What do you want from me? (Apa yang kamu inginkan dari saya?)
		What are you doing here? (Apa yang sedang kamu lakukan disini?)
where (dimana)	Where digunakan untuk menanyakan tempat (place).	Where does he live? (Dimana dia tinggal?)
when (kapan)	Question word ini digunakan untuk menanyakan waktu (time)	When does the train from Yogyakarta arrive? (Kapan kereta dari Yogyakarta tiba?)
why (mengapa)	Kata ini digunakan untuk menanyakan alasan (reason).	Why do you hate cats? (Mengapa kamu benci kucing?)
which (yang mana)	Question word ini untuk menanyakan orang (person), benda atau hal (thing) yang mana yang dimaksud diantara sejumlah orang, benda, atau hal.	Which one is better? (Yang mana yang lebih baik?)
who (siapa – subject)	Question word ini digunakan untuk menanyakan orang (person).	Who send me a letter? (Siapa yang mengirimiku surat?)
		Who is that man? (Siapa pria itu?)
whom (siapa – object)	Whom digunakan untuk menanyakan orang yang menerima aksi, atau dengan kata lain: direct object.	Whom are you going to meet? (Siapa yang akan kamu temui?)
whose (siapa – possessive)	Question word ini digunakan untuk orang yang mana yang memiliki sesuatu (possessive).	Whose turn is it? (Giliran siapa?)
how (bagaimana)	How digunakan untuk menanyakan cara (manner). Question word ini juga dapat dikombinasikan dengan dengan berbagai huruf menjadi: how often (seberapa sering), how far (berapa jauh), how much/many (berapa banyak), how long(berapa lama).	How did you meet your soulmate? (Bagaimana kamu bertemu belahan jiwamu?)
		How often should I change my toothbrush? (Seberapa sering saya harus mengganti sikat gigi?)
		How far is moon from earth? (Berapa jauh bulan dari bumi?)
		How much do we need? (Berapa banyak yang kita butuhkan?)
		How long does it take to get pregnant? (Berapa lama waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk hamil?)

3.      Analyze 5W + 1H in English Newspaper

Jakarta 
Posted: Sun, May 8 2016 | 12:36 pm

Tristan Alif Naufal, an 11-year-old football talent, needs Rp 2.5 billion ( US$192,000 ) to join the Getafe Football Academy in Madrid, Spain. The deadline to join the academy is June 2016.

Currently, the Culture and Education Ministry and Pertamina have put up Rp 500 million.

On kitabisa.com, a crowd-funding website, Rp 19 million has been collected from 77 donors, or just one percent of the total amount. The deadline is 54 days away.

The large sum of money is needed due to a FIFA regulation that states that players of Alif’s age cannot go abroad by themselves.

"The family needs to move with him because he is underage. He needs shelter and our support," Professor Rhenald Kasali, an advisor with kitabisa.com, said on Sunday.

Trained at the Liverpool FC Academy in Jakarta, at seven years of age in 2012, Alif was featured in a Liverpool FC YouTube video.

His stardom continued to expand after he participated in the 2014 Ajax Academy Summer Camp, where he was deemed to be the most valuable player.

However, as his parents did not have a living permit for the Netherlands, he could not continue into Ajax Amsterdam’s U-12 squad. Then, at the beginning of 2016, he received the opportunity to join the Getafe Football Academy.

"If we can help, Indonesia’s name will rise again in Europe. We are currently crowd-funding through kitabisa.com so he can go to Madrid as soon as possible," Rhenald said. ( dan )

Analyze 5W +1H :

a.       What is the topic ?

The young star Indonesian football talent in need of funds to join Football Academy

b.      Who is the young star indonesian ?

Tristan Alif Naufal

c.       Where the Indonesian football talent will join Football Academy ?

Getafe Football Academy in Madrid, Spain

d.      When is the last to join the academy football Getafe ?

Deadline to join the academy is June 2016

e.       Why the young star Indonesian football can not continue to Ajax Amsterdam U-12 squad ?

His parents did not have a living permit for the Netherlands

f.       How to help Tristan Alif Naufal ?

We can help provide funds to the site kitabisa.com before the expiry of the deadline for paying for college football getafe

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

http://inggrisonline.com/penjelasan-lengkap-tentang-degree-of-comparison-superlative-comparative/

http://www.kuliahbahasainggris.com/penjelasan-degrees-of-comparison-dalam-bahasa-inggris-dan-contoh-kalimat/

http://www.kuliahbahasainggris.com/pengertian-fungsi-dan-contoh-lengkap-question-words-dalam-kalimat-bahasa-inggris/

http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-question-words

http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2016/05/08/indonesians-seek-rp-2-5-billion-for-football-wunderkind.html

Assigment 2

1.      ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCES

a.      Active Sentences

Active sentence is a sentence in which the subject perform or carry out the work. Active sentence also called the sentence acts or subject line. So in the active sentence becomes the subject element doer of the deed and the elements of the predicate expressed deeds.

Examples :

·         Brother bought the book.

·         Dad eat rice.

·         Ani water the flowers.

·         Dad bought me a bicycle.

·         John ruin his book Andi.

b.      Passive Sentences

The passive voice sentence in which the subject is subjected to the job. The passive voice is also called the response sentence or a sentence of objects. So in passive elements of the subject suffering from the actions mentioned in the elements of the predicate.

Examples :

·         The book has been read by the sister.

·         The magazine I was reading yesterday.

·         Plants watered by the mother.

·         Sister bought a watch by father.

·         My clothes are washed by the mother.

2.      RELATIVE CLAUSE

Relative clause is a dependent clause which serves to explain the noun in order to get clear information about the object. To connect between the clauses used common words like, that, which, who, whom, and whose. The relative pronoun is part of the relative clause that can not stand alone, but is in the complex sentence. While the complex sentence is a combination of the independent clause (whole sentence) and subordinate clauses (relative clause).

use and example sentences relative pronoun

a.      That

That as a pronoun for people and objects as subject or object to explain the relative clause (a clause which is important for the sentence and not only as additional info). That neutral function can replace the "who / roomates / whom".

Examples :

·         The book that was left in the library is Helen’s book. (Buku yang tertinggal di perpustakaan adalah buku Helen).

·         The cat that live in my home is a cute cat. (Kucing yang tinggal di rumah saya adalah kucing yang lucu).

b.      Which

Which serves as a relative pronoun which replaces the subject and an object in the form of a noun other than humans. For example: goat, rocks, tables, etc.

Examples :

·         I don’t like stories which has unhappy ending. (Saya tidak menyukai cerita yang memiliki akhir sedih).

·         The windows which was broken has now been repaired. (Jendela yang rusak itu sekarang telah diperbaiki).

c.      Who

Who serves as a relative pronoun use is not subject people or other animals.

Examples :

·         The man who lives next door is friendly. (Pria yang tinggal di sebelah itu ramah).

·         The man who wrote about the explosion was an eyewitness. (Pria yang menulis tentang ledakan itu adalah saksi mata).

d.      Whom

Whom is the relative pronoun that is used to replace the object in the form of people, not animals or others.

Examples :

·         The boy whom i gave the book to is the best student. (Anak laki-laki yang saya beri buku itu adalah murid terbaik).

·         The man whom we asked last night was not kind. (Laki-laki yang kita tanyai semalam tidak ramah).

e.      Whose

Whose is the relative pronoun that serves to replace the possessive pronoun.

Examples :

·         The women whose umbrella is green is as old as my mother. (Wanita yang payungnya hijau itu sama usianya dengan ibu saya).

·         The man whose bike I want to borrow is my uncle. (Pria yang sepedanya ingin saya pinjam adalah paman saya).

3.      CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

Conditional sentence (sentence modality) is a sentence that presupposes a certain desires, hopes, plans, and Iain others can still happen (possible), something unfulfilled / chimera (unreal), and unfulfilled (impossible).

There are three types of conditional sentences :

a.      Conditional Sentences Type 1

Conditional sentence of the first type can be used to create a conditional sentence is still possible to achieve all of the conditions as will occur in the future.

Form : If + Subject + will + infinitive, Subject + verb-1.

Examples :

·         She will arrive here on time if she drive her car by herself.
(Dia akan datang tepat waktu jika ia mengendari mobilnya sendiri).

·         If you don’t come to my birthday party, I will send you an SMS.
(Jika kamu tidak datang pada hari ultahku, aku akan mengirim kamu sms).

·         If you come late again, Mr. Professor will be very angry.
(Jika kamu datang terlambat lagi, pak profesor akan sangat marah).

·         Today will be very cool if it rains.
(hari ini akan menjadi dingin sekali jika turun hujan).

·         You will finish your job if you do it now.
(Kamu akan menyelesaikan pekerjaanmu jika kamu melakukannya sekarang).

b.      Conditional Sentences Type 2

Conditional sentence of the second type can be used to indicate the possibility of a conditional sentence would be difficult to fulfill.

Form : If + Subject + would + infinitive, Subject + verb-2.

Examples :

·         If I were you, I would not let here go.
(Jika aku menjadi kamu, aku tidak akan membiarkannya pergi).

·         You would not be here, If she did not help you.
(Kamu tidak akan ada di sini jika dia tidak menolongmu).

·         We would not win the game, if we didn’t work together as a team.
(Kita tidak akan memenangkan permainan ini jika kita tidak bekerja sama sebagai tim).

·         My mother would not worry, if I went with you, because you are innosence
(Ibuku tidak akan kuatir jika aku pergi denganmu).

·         I would attend your birthday party if I didn’t have home work to do.
(Aku akan menghadiri pesta ultahmu jika aku tidak punya PR).

c.      Conditional Sentences Type 3

Conditional sentence The third type is used to indicate the conditional sentence can not be met because his time is already past.

Form : If + Subject + would + have + Verb-3, Subject + had + verb-3.

Examples :

·         If I had known that you were in hospital, I would have visited you.
(Jika saja aku tahu bahwa kamu ada di rumah sakit, aku akan mengunjungimu).

·         If She had been able to finish her job well, she would have been promoted as a director.
(Jika dia bisa menyelesaikan pekerjaanya dengan baik, dia akan dipromosikan menjadi direktur).

·         If John had driven his car carefully, we would not have got an accident.
(Jika John menyetir dengan hati-hati, dia tidak akan kecelakaan).

·         My father would have been here, if the flight had not been canceled.
(Ibuku akan ada di sini jika penerbangannya tidak ditunda).

·         Linda would not have arrived at home, if the my father had not picked her up.
(Linda tidak akan tiba di rumah jika ayahku tidak menjemputnya).

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

http://ridwansantosoug.blogspot.co.id/2014/01/kalimat-aktif-dan-kalimat-pasif.html

http://www.kelasindonesia.com/2015/02/pengertian-serta-contoh-kalimat-aktif-dan-pasif-secara-detail.html

http://www.e-sbmptn.com/2014/11/pengertian-relative-clause-dan-contohnya.html

http://www.kuliahbahasainggris.com/pengertian-penggunaan-dan-contoh-kalimat-relative-pronouns-kata-hubung/

http://www.sekolahbahasainggris.com/pengertian-dan-contoh-conditional-sentence-tipe-1-2-3-terlengkap/

http://inggrisonline.com/pengertian-fungsi-dan-rumus-conditional-sentence-type-1-2-3/