1.
ACTIVE
AND PASSIVE SENTENCES
a.
Active
Sentences
Active sentence is a sentence
in which the subject perform or carry out the work.
Active sentence also called the sentence acts or subject
line. So
in the active sentence becomes the subject element doer of the deed and the
elements of the predicate expressed deeds.
Examples
:
·
Brother
bought the book.
·
Dad
eat rice.
·
Ani
water the flowers.
·
Dad
bought me a bicycle.
·
John
ruin his book Andi.
b.
Passive
Sentences
The passive voice sentence in
which the subject is subjected to the job.
The passive voice is also called the response sentence or
a sentence of objects. So in passive elements of the subject suffering from the
actions mentioned in the elements of the predicate.
Examples
:
·
The
book has been read by the sister.
·
The
magazine I was reading yesterday.
·
Plants
watered by the mother.
·
Sister
bought a watch by father.
·
My
clothes are washed by the mother.
2.
RELATIVE
CLAUSE
Relative clause is a dependent clause which serves to
explain the noun in order to get clear information about the object. To connect
between the clauses used common words like, that, which, who, whom, and whose. The relative pronoun is part of the relative clause that
can not stand alone, but is in the complex sentence. While the complex sentence
is a combination of the independent clause (whole sentence) and subordinate
clauses (relative clause).
use and example
sentences relative pronoun
a.
That
That as a pronoun for people
and objects as subject or object to explain the relative clause (a clause which
is important for the sentence and not only as additional info).
That neutral function can replace the "who /
roomates / whom".
Examples
:
·
The book that was left in the library is Helen’s book. (Buku yang
tertinggal di perpustakaan adalah buku Helen).
·
The cat that live in my home is a cute cat. (Kucing yang tinggal di rumah saya
adalah kucing yang lucu).
b.
Which
Which serves as a relative pronoun
which replaces the subject and an object in the form of a noun other than
humans. For example: goat, rocks, tables, etc.
Examples
:
·
I don’t like stories which has unhappy ending. (Saya tidak menyukai
cerita yang memiliki akhir sedih).
·
The windows which was broken has now been repaired. (Jendela yang
rusak itu sekarang telah diperbaiki).
c.
Who
Who serves as a relative pronoun use is not subject
people or other animals.
Examples
:
·
The man who lives next door is friendly. (Pria yang tinggal di sebelah itu
ramah).
·
The man who wrote about the explosion was an eyewitness. (Pria yang
menulis tentang ledakan itu adalah saksi mata).
d.
Whom
Whom is the relative pronoun
that is used to replace the object in the form of people, not animals or others.
Examples
:
·
The boy whom i gave the book to is the best student. (Anak laki-laki
yang saya beri buku itu adalah murid terbaik).
·
The man whom we asked last night was not kind. (Laki-laki yang
kita tanyai semalam tidak ramah).
e.
Whose
Whose is the relative pronoun that serves to replace the
possessive pronoun.
Examples
:
·
The women whose umbrella is green is as old as my mother. (Wanita yang
payungnya hijau itu sama usianya dengan ibu saya).
·
The man whose bike I want to borrow is my uncle. (Pria
yang sepedanya ingin saya pinjam adalah paman saya).
3.
CONDITIONAL
SENTENCES
Conditional sentence (sentence modality) is a sentence
that presupposes a certain desires, hopes, plans, and Iain others can still
happen (possible), something unfulfilled / chimera (unreal), and unfulfilled
(impossible).
There are three types of conditional sentences :
a.
Conditional
Sentences Type 1
Conditional sentence of the
first type can be used to create a conditional sentence is still possible to
achieve all of the conditions as will occur in the future.
Form
: If + Subject + will + infinitive, Subject + verb-1.
Examples
:
·
She will arrive here on time if she drive her car by
herself.
(Dia akan datang tepat waktu jika ia mengendari mobilnya sendiri).
(Dia akan datang tepat waktu jika ia mengendari mobilnya sendiri).
·
If you don’t come to my birthday party, I will send
you an SMS.
(Jika kamu tidak datang pada hari ultahku, aku akan mengirim kamu sms).
(Jika kamu tidak datang pada hari ultahku, aku akan mengirim kamu sms).
·
If you come late again, Mr. Professor will be very
angry.
(Jika kamu datang terlambat lagi, pak profesor akan sangat marah).
(Jika kamu datang terlambat lagi, pak profesor akan sangat marah).
·
Today will be very cool if it rains.
(hari ini akan menjadi dingin sekali jika turun hujan).
(hari ini akan menjadi dingin sekali jika turun hujan).
·
You will finish your job if you do it now.
(Kamu akan menyelesaikan pekerjaanmu jika kamu melakukannya sekarang).
(Kamu akan menyelesaikan pekerjaanmu jika kamu melakukannya sekarang).
b. Conditional Sentences Type 2
Conditional sentence of the second type can be used to
indicate the possibility of a conditional sentence would be difficult to
fulfill.
Form
: If + Subject + would + infinitive, Subject + verb-2.
Examples :
·
If I were you, I would not let here go.
(Jika aku menjadi kamu, aku tidak akan membiarkannya pergi).
(Jika aku menjadi kamu, aku tidak akan membiarkannya pergi).
·
You would not be here, If she did not help you.
(Kamu tidak akan ada di sini jika dia tidak menolongmu).
(Kamu tidak akan ada di sini jika dia tidak menolongmu).
·
We would not win the game, if we didn’t work together
as a team.
(Kita tidak akan memenangkan permainan ini jika kita tidak bekerja sama sebagai tim).
(Kita tidak akan memenangkan permainan ini jika kita tidak bekerja sama sebagai tim).
·
My mother would not worry, if I went with you, because
you are innosence
(Ibuku tidak akan kuatir jika aku pergi denganmu).
(Ibuku tidak akan kuatir jika aku pergi denganmu).
·
I would attend your birthday party if I didn’t have
home work to do.
(Aku akan menghadiri pesta ultahmu jika aku tidak punya PR).
(Aku akan menghadiri pesta ultahmu jika aku tidak punya PR).
c. Conditional Sentences Type 3
Conditional sentence The third type is used to indicate
the conditional sentence can not be met because his time is already past.
Form
: If + Subject + would + have + Verb-3, Subject + had + verb-3.
Examples :
·
If I had known that you were in hospital, I would have
visited you.
(Jika saja aku tahu bahwa kamu ada di rumah sakit, aku akan mengunjungimu).
(Jika saja aku tahu bahwa kamu ada di rumah sakit, aku akan mengunjungimu).
·
If She had been able to finish her job well, she would
have been promoted as a director.
(Jika dia bisa menyelesaikan pekerjaanya dengan baik, dia akan dipromosikan menjadi direktur).
(Jika dia bisa menyelesaikan pekerjaanya dengan baik, dia akan dipromosikan menjadi direktur).
·
If John had driven his car carefully, we would not
have got an accident.
(Jika John menyetir dengan hati-hati, dia tidak akan kecelakaan).
(Jika John menyetir dengan hati-hati, dia tidak akan kecelakaan).
·
My father would have been here, if the flight had not
been canceled.
(Ibuku akan ada di sini jika penerbangannya tidak ditunda).
(Ibuku akan ada di sini jika penerbangannya tidak ditunda).
·
Linda would not have arrived at home, if the my father
had not picked her up.
(Linda tidak akan tiba di rumah jika ayahku tidak menjemputnya).
(Linda tidak akan tiba di rumah jika ayahku tidak menjemputnya).
DAFTAR
PUSTAKA
